According to the principle of legitimacy of the study of reason, the principle of respect for human dignity and the principle of respect for the privacy of the believer, the protection of privacy of individuals in the field of communication and conversation has been emphasized and supported by legislators of different countries. Protection of the privacy of individuals in all areas, enacted a comprehensive law that defined the boundaries of the issue, although there are scattered provisions in the law to protect the privacy of individuals.Ordinary laws and the Constitution of Iran provide for legal guarantees to protect the privacy of individuals, including the privacy of communications and conversations. Respect for the privacy of individuals and mentioning legitimate and permissible cases of eavesdropping are the findings of the research. This research is theoretical and its method is descriptive-analytical and the method of collecting information is library and by referring to documents, books and articles This article seeks to examine the interception of conversations from the perspective of Iranian criminal law, Imami jurisprudence, and international documents and conventions.