This study examines the status of religious minorities in light of Quranic anthropology and the implications for their civil rights. The main issue is how the fundamental teachings of the Quran, including the inherent dignity of man, common nature with moral responsibility, and the position of man as the bearer of divine trust, can provide a theoretical framework for analyzing the rights and duties of minorities in Islamic societies. The research method is qualitative and based on interpretative-conceptual analysis; data were collected from Quranic verses, narrations, the life of the Prophet and Imams, jurisprudential and legal texts, as well as international human rights documents and critically examined. The findings show that religious minorities, like the majority, enjoy fundamental rights such as the right to life, security, freedom, and social participation, while their social responsibilities also include observing justice, loyalty to social contracts, and adherence to the law. The innovation of the research is that, by focusing on the anthropological foundations of the Quran, it offers a framework that integrates religious teachings and civil rights principles, which has the potential to be synergistic with international standards. As a result, it is possible to propose a policy model to ensure equal rights for minorities along with social responsibilities; a model that strengthens justice, solidarity, and civilizational interaction in multi-religious societies.