Undoubtedly, one of the serious and longstanding challenges of human societies is the issue of employment and labor. Over the past century, due to the increase in the world’s population, the occurrence of two world wars, and the rapid growth of technology, this issue has gained extraordinary importance. In this regard, various institutions have worked to support workers’ rights, the most important of which is the International Labour Organization (ILO), which has been actively operating since 1919 and has taken significant steps toward establishing and strengthening workers’ rights.However, workers still face serious challenges such as unjust dismissal from workplaces or factories, forced and excessive labor, low wages, the soaring cost of living, lack of vocational and professional training, deep labor disputes with employers, occupational health issues, and many other problems. Fortunately, through the measures taken by governments and international organizations particularly the International Labour Organization in the form of regulations, laws, recommendations, and conventions, some of these problems have been addressed.Nevertheless, the lack of job skills, especially the ability to work with modern technical equipment, computers, various software, and artificial intelligence, remains one of the factors contributing to the low wage levels of workers. Despite these challenges, the role of the International Labour Organization in transforming and promoting workers’ rights cannot be ignored, as it is closely linked to human rights standards. Governments therefore pay close attention to the issue of workers’ employment while observing occupational and social justice, recognizing workers as a key factor in the development of their societies.