Conflict in religious texts is considered one of the key and challenging issues in Islamic jurisprudence. It refers to the presence of two or more contradictory evidences or texts within the body of religious rulings. This topic requires precise examination and deep ijtihād by jurists and mujtahids in order to derive accurate legal judgments. In this article, conflict is examined from the perspectives of both Sunni and Imami (Shi‘a) schools.

First, the concept of conflict is defined both linguistically and technically. Linguistically, conflict (ta‘āruḍ) means opposition or the encounter of two or more things, while in jurisprudential terminology it refers to a situation in which two legal evidences appear to negate each other. The article then explains the place of conflict in Islamic jurisprudence and the necessity of resolving it.

The factors and causes of conflict also constitute an important aspect of this discussion. These include differences in understanding, variations in the authenticity of narrations, divergences in jurisprudential principles, and changes in time and circumstances. Such factors can lead to differing interpretations and, consequently, various forms of conflict.

The article proceeds to examine the methods of resolving conflict from the viewpoints of Sunni and Imami scholars. Sunni scholars refer to harmonization of texts, preference (tarjīḥ), abrogation (naskh), and the suspension of conflicting evidences. The Imami school likewise emphasizes harmonization and preference but also gives special consideration to the role of the infallible Imams in interpreting legal rulings.

Finally, the article highlights the importance of coherence and unity within the Sharī‘a and discusses the impact of conflicts on the understanding and application of legal rulings. It underscores the necessity of ijtihād and accurate legal reasoning. Religious conflicts, when properly examined, can lead to a deeper understanding of jurisprudential principles and enhance the capacity of Islamic law to address emerging challenges.