Contrary to traditional perspectives that regarded politics as confined within immutable metaphysical and sacred principles, modern philosophical approaches have redefined it as a human and voluntary act. This study aims to elucidate the paradigmatic shift from theoretical reason to practical reason in the thought of Mehdi Haeri Yazdi and to examine the creative role of human will in the establishment of political order. Employing a descriptive-analytical method and utilizing conceptual clarification through formal logic, the present research reconstructs the foundational arguments of this philosopher concerning the origin of the state.



The findings demonstrate that, within this intellectual framework, government is not a celestial reality to be discovered, but rather belongs to the category of “possible beings” and constitutes the product of an illuminative relation created by practical reason for the preservation of natural rights and the administration of common personal properties. Accordingly, the source of political legitimacy shifts from guardianship-centered models to the theory of “agency,” in which the ruler functions merely as an agent entrusted with managing public affairs and identifying the empirical and variable particulars of a given era.



Ultimately, the achievement of this study is the presentation of a juridical-philosophical model of governance that, by replacing the juridical relationship of agency with paternalistic guardianship, overcomes the theoretical impasses of social contract theories and establishes a political structure in which power remains consistently limited and subject to the will and supervision of the people.