Child abuse, as one of the most serious violations of human rights in the contemporary international legal system, has profound and multidimensional consequences on the physical, psychological, social, and economic well-being of children, fundamentally undermining their inherent human dignity. This study, using a descriptive-analytical approach and based on library research, examines the role of human rights in combating child abuse and analyzes international and domestic mechanisms for the protection of children. The findings indicate that although important instruments such as the 1989 Convention on the Rights of the Child,, and the Hague Conventions have established relatively comprehensive normative and procedural frameworks for prevention, criminalization, and protection, a significant gap still exists between the legal obligations of states and their effective implementation.

The results further show that child abuse is not merely a criminal issue but a complex, multidimensional phenomenon with long-term impacts on mental and physical health, human capital, and the social development of societies. In this regard, weaknesses in reporting systems, inadequate institutional coordination, limited protective resources, and cultural challenges are among the main obstacles to the effective protection of children. Accordingly, the article emphasizes the necessity of shifting from a reactive approach to a preventive and structural approach in child protection policy. Finally, strengthening international cooperation, developing monitoring mechanisms, and enhancing multi-level support systems are proposed as key strategies to reduce and control child abuse.