The Present Study Investigates the Status of Prayer (Ṣalāt) of the Prophet Muhammad and Muslims from the Beginning of His Mission to the Legislation of the Five Daily Prayers, Relying on the Chronological Order of Revealed Verses. The Meccan verses, prior to the formal legislation of the daily prayers, introduce prayer not merely as an individual act of worship but as an educational, moral, and social instrument. Through continuity, discipline, presence of heart, and humility, prayer lays the groundwork for strengthening faith, moral development, and spiritual cultivation of both the individual and society.



Examined verses from Sūrahs such as Ibrāhīm, Maryam, Fāṭir, Luqmān, al-Anbiyā', al-Ra'd, al-'Ankabūt, and al-Naml demonstrate that prayer is consistently placed alongside charity, alms-giving (zakāt), patience, good deeds, and social responsibility. Its role in family and social cohesion, guiding successive generations, and preventing sin and indecency is prominently emphasized. Furthermore, the verses stress that the establishment of prayer must be continuous and conscious; mere outward performance is insufficient. Presence of heart, humility, and attention to sustained connection with God, combined with the observance of social and educational duties, transform prayer into a pillar for moral growth, emotional regulation, resilience in the face of hardships, and social solidarity.



The verses remind that divine prophets and parents play a significant role in the religious upbringing of generations and the education of their families, promoting prayer as an integral part of the moral and social culture of the community. Based on the chronological (Tanzīlī) interpretation and the perspective of 'Allāmah Ṭabāṭabā'ī, prayer prior to the legislation of the five daily prayers served as a means to strengthen faith, solidify morals, enhance social cohesion, regulate individual behavior, and instill a sense of responsibility.