the present study aims to provide a comprehensive analysis of the structure, institutions, enforcement stages, and enforcement mechanisms related to the execution of civil judgments in Iran and France, in order to identify the strengths and weaknesses of each system and to lay the groundwork for proposing reformative measures to enhance the efficiency of Iran’s civil judgment enforcement system. The research method is descriptive–analytical and is based on data collection from library sources, statutes, judicial decisions, official documents, and a comparative examination of the enforcement systems of the two countries. Analysis of Iran’s legal structure reveals that the enforcement of judgments faces serious challenges due to excessive centralization within the judiciary, the absence of an independent enforcement body, weaknesses in asset identification systems, limited financial enforcement mechanisms, and the lengthy and inefficient nature of auction procedures. In contrast, the French judgment enforcement system demonstrates higher efficiency due to the presence of an independent enforcement judge, professional and semi-private judicial officers, advanced electronic systems for asset identification, and a diverse range of financial enforcement mechanisms. The findings indicate that reforming the civil judgment enforcement system in Iran is not feasible without institutional and technological transformation. Drawing on the French experience—particularly through establishing an independent enforcement institution, professionalizing enforcement officers, developing intelligent electronic systems, and expanding financial enforcement mechanisms—can accelerate enforcement procedures, reduce delays, and strengthen executive justice in the country.