نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی
عنوان مقاله English
نویسندگان English
Critical criminology focuses on the role of power, social structures, and the process of criminalization, challenging the traditional view of crime and deviance. Political crimes are among the areas in which this approach can play an important role, since the boundary between political crime, ordinary crime, and political conduct largely depends on criminal policy and the legal system’s approach to political activities. This study aims to examine the foundations of critical criminology and assess its reflection in Iran’s criminal laws, with a focus on political crimes. Using a descriptive-analytical method and library-based sources, the study examines the concepts and foundations of critical criminology, the role of power in criminalization, and the approach of Iranian criminal law toward political crimes. The findings show that Iranian legislation, by adopting specific rules on political crimes and providing certain legal protections for defendants accused of such crimes, has distinguished political crimes from ordinary crimes in some respects. However, ambiguity in some criteria for identifying political crimes, the limited scope of certain legal protections, and the influence of political considerations on the criminalization process indicate a gap between some aspects of Iranian criminal policy and the principles of critical criminology. The study also finds that a preventive approach based on reducing purely punitive responses, strengthening procedural safeguards, increasing transparency in criminalization, and addressing the social factors underlying political conduct can help reduce conflicts between citizens and the criminal justice system. Therefore, a more complete reflection of critical criminology in Iran’s criminal policy requires a review of the criteria for criminalization and greater emphasis on a rights-based approach to political crimes.
کلیدواژهها English
